2.2 Urban missions and schemes notes

1. 2.2.1JNNURM 2005: sub-missions, mandatory reforms and City Development Plans

   JNNURM (launched 3 December 2005) was India's first large reform-linked urban mission: cities got central grants for infrastructure and housing for the poor only after preparing a City Development Plan and signing up to a list of mandatory reforms.

   Standard · 8 min · Full course
2. 2.2.2AMRUT and AMRUT 2.0: coverage, thrust areas, GIS-based master plans and HRIDAY

   AMRUT (2015) funds basic water, sewerage, drainage, green space and non-motorised transport in about 500 cities; AMRUT 2.0 (2021) aims at tap water for every household in all statutory towns; HRIDAY (2015) was a separate, fully centrally funded scheme for 12 heritage cities.

   Standard · 8 min · Full course
3. 2.2.3Smart Cities Mission: area-based development, pan-city solutions, SPV and ICCC; Maharashtra's smart cities

   The Smart Cities Mission (2015–2025) picked 100 cities through a competition and funded each to redevelop one compact area intensively and to apply at least one technology-based solution across the whole city, through a company (SPV) set up for the purpose.

   Standard · 8 min · Full course
4. 2.2.4PMAY-Urban: four verticals, CLSS, income categories and carpet-area limits

   PMAY-Urban (2015) aimed at a pucca house for every eligible urban family through four options – slum redevelopment, interest subsidy on home loans, partnership projects and beneficiary-led construction – with houses defined by carpet area and families by income.

   Standard · 7 min · Full course
5. 2.2.5PMAY-U 2.0 and Rajiv Awas Yojana: from slum-free cities to housing for all

   Rajiv Awas Yojana (2011) tried to make cities slum-free by giving slum dwellers property rights and better housing; it was folded into PMAY-Urban in 2015, and PMAY-U 2.0 (2024) now aims at one crore more urban houses through four verticals including rental housing and an interest subsidy.

   Standard · 7 min · Full course
6. 2.2.6Swachh Bharat Mission–Urban: ODF certifications, Garbage Free City rating and Swachh Survekshan

   SBM-Urban (2014) first made cities open-defecation free and then, under SBM-U 2.0 (2021), set the goal of "Garbage Free Cities", with certifications (ODF, ODF+, ODF++, Water+), a 7-star garbage-free rating and an annual cleanliness survey (Swachh Survekshan) to measure progress.

   Standard · 8 min · Full course
7. 2.2.7DAY-NULM: components, shelters for urban homeless and support to street vendors

   DAY-NULM (2013) is the urban livelihoods mission: it organises poor households into self-help groups, trains and finances them, builds shelters for the homeless and supports street vendors, and works alongside the Street Vendors Act, 2014.

   Standard · 8 min · Full course

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