1.5.9 Freedom movement in Andhra notes

1. 1.5.9.1Early resistance in Andhra: the poligars, Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy and 1857

   Before the Congress era, resistance to Company rule in the Telugu country came from dispossessed poligars, above all Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy of Koilkuntla (1846–47), and in 1857 from scattered risings at Kadapa, in the Godavari Agency and at the Hyderabad Residency.

   Advanced · 7 min · Full course
2. 1.5.9.2Vandemataram movement in Andhra: Bipin Chandra Pal, Kakinada, Kotappakonda and Tenali

   The Swadeshi agitation against the Partition of Bengal (1905) reached Andhra as the Vandemataram movement; Bipin Chandra Pal's tour of April 1907 set the coastal towns alight, and the Kakinada riot, Kotappakonda incident and Tenali bomb case followed.

   Advanced · 7 min · Full course
3. 1.5.9.3Home Rule and Non-Cooperation in Andhra: the Bezawada AICC 1921 and the national flag

   Annie Besant's Home Rule movement (Madras, 1916) and the separate Andhra Congress circle (1917) prepared Andhra for Non-Cooperation, whose high point was the AICC meeting at Bezawada in 1921, where Pingali Venkayya showed Gandhi his design for a national flag.

   Advanced · 7 min · Full course
4. 1.5.9.4Chirala–Perala movement

   When the government made the twin villages of Chirala and Perala a municipality and raised taxes, about 15,000 people led by Duggirala Gopalakrishnayya left their homes in 1921 and lived in a camp called Ramnagar rather than pay, the best-known local protest of Non-Cooperation in Andhra.

   Advanced · 5 min · Full course
5. 1.5.9.5Pedanandipadu no-tax campaign and the Palnadu forest satyagraha

   In the Non-Cooperation years, Guntur's peasants refused land revenue at Pedanandipadu (1922) under Parvataneni Veeraiah Chowdary, while in Palnadu they defied forest grazing fees in the Pullari satyagraha, whose leader Kanneganti Hanumanthu was killed in police firing in 1922.

   Advanced · 6 min · Full course
6. 1.5.9.6Rampa rebellion 1922–24: Alluri Sitarama Raju

   From August 1922 to May 1924, Alluri Sitarama Raju led the hill people of the Godavari and Visakhapatnam Agency in a guerrilla war against forest laws and forced labour, until he was captured and shot at Koyyuru on 7 May 1924.

   Advanced · 7 min · Full course
7. 1.5.9.7Civil Disobedience in Andhra: Simon boycott, salt satyagraha and the peasant movement

   Andhra's role in the second Gandhian wave began with Prakasam's defiance of police guns during the Simon boycott at Madras (1928), continued with salt satyagrahas along the Godavari–Krishna–Guntur coast in 1930 under "dictator" Konda Venkatappayya, and gave rise to N.G. Ranga's organised peasant movement.

   Advanced · 6 min · Full course
8. 1.5.9.8Quit India in Andhra and the 1946 Prakasam ministry

   Andhra leaders held key posts in the Madras Congress ministry of 1937, the Andhra PCC's Kurnool Circular of July 1942 set the programme for Quit India in the region, and in 1946 Tanguturi Prakasam became Premier of the Madras Presidency.

   Advanced · 7 min · Full course
9. 1.5.9.9Leaders of the Andhra freedom struggle: titles and contributions

   Exams test the Andhra freedom struggle mostly through its people: their popular titles, the movements they led, the papers they ran and the books they wrote.

   Advanced · 7 min · Full course

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