1.3.3 Delhi Sultanate: dynasties notes

1. 1.3.3.1Mamluk dynasty: Qutbuddin Aibak and Iltutmish

   Qutbuddin Aibak started the Delhi Sultanate in 1206 and Iltutmish, his slave and son-in-law, turned it into an independent, recognised and organised state.

   Advanced · 5 min · Full course
2. 1.3.3.2Razia Sultan, the Chahalgani and Balban's theory of kingship

   After Iltutmish the Turkish nobles known as the Chahalgani controlled the throne, Razia was the only woman to rule from Delhi, and Balban finally broke the nobles and set up a theory of kingship based on divinity and fear.

   Advanced · 5 min · Full course
3. 1.3.3.3Khaljis: Alauddin's conquests and the Mongol threat

   Alauddin Khalji (1296-1316) overthrew his uncle, repelled the Mongols, conquered Gujarat, Rajasthan and Malwa, and sent Malik Kafur to raid the Deccan and the far south.

   Advanced · 6 min · Full course
4. 1.3.3.4Alauddin Khalji's market control and revenue reforms

   To keep a huge standing army on modest pay, Alauddin fixed prices of essential goods in Delhi, built granaries and raised the state's share of the land revenue to half the produce.

   Advanced · 5 min · Full course
5. 1.3.3.5Ghiyasuddin and Muhammad bin Tughlaq: the experiments

   Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded a stable dynasty in 1320, and his son Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1325-51) launched ambitious projects (a second capital, token money, Doab taxes, a Khorasan army) that failed and set off revolts.

   Advanced · 6 min · Full course
6. 1.3.3.6Firoz Shah Tughlaq and Timur's invasion

   Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351-88) gave peace and public works but weakened the crown through hereditary grants, and within ten years of his death Timur sacked Delhi (1398).

   Advanced · 5 min · Full course
7. 1.3.3.7Sayyids and Lodis: Khizr Khan to Ibrahim Lodi

   The Sayyids (1414-51) ruled a shrunken Delhi, and the Lodis (1451-1526), the first Afghan dynasty, revived the Sultanate before Babur ended it at Panipat in 1526.

   Advanced · 4 min · Full course

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