1.4 Planning and NITI Aayog notes

1. 1.4.1Planning: types, pre-independence plans and the constitutional basis

   Before 1947 several groups drew up plans for India's economy, and the Constitution lists "economic and social planning" as a Concurrent subject, which gave the Centre and states a joint role in planning.

   Advanced · 6 min · Full course
2. 1.4.2Planning Commission and the National Development Council

   The Planning Commission (1950) drew up India's Five Year Plans and the National Development Council (1952) approved them, until both were replaced by NITI Aayog and its Governing Council.

   Advanced · 6 min · Full course
3. 1.4.3Five Year Plans 1–6: Harrod–Domar, Mahalanobis model, plan holiday and rolling plan

   The first six plans moved from agriculture and irrigation (First) to heavy industry (Second), then self-reliance, a plan holiday, poverty removal (Fifth, Sixth) and a short rolling plan in between.

   Advanced · 7 min · Full course
4. 1.4.4Five Year Plans 7–12: from food, work and productivity to faster, more inclusive growth

   From the Seventh Plan the focus shifted from food, work and productivity to human development after the 1991 reforms, and then to faster and more inclusive growth until the Twelfth Plan ended in March 2017.

   Advanced · 6 min · Full course
5. 1.4.5Goals and record of planning; area development programmes (DPAP, hill areas, Tribal Sub-Plan)

   Planning aimed at growth, modernisation, self-reliance and equity, and from the 1970s it added area programmes for drought-prone, hill, desert and tribal regions that the general plan had left behind.

   Advanced · 6 min · Full course
6. 1.4.6NITI Aayog: structure, functions and contrast with the Planning Commission

   NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) is the Government's policy think tank, set up on 1 January 2015 to replace the Planning Commission with an advisory, bottom-up, cooperative-federal body that does not allocate funds.

   Advanced · 6 min · Full course
7. 1.4.7NITI Aayog initiatives: Aspirational Districts and Blocks, Atal Innovation Mission and indices

   NITI Aayog runs programmes that target the most backward districts and blocks, promotes school and startup innovation through the Atal Innovation Mission, and publishes state indices that create competition among states.

   Advanced · 7 min · Full course

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