1.4.4 Southern kingdoms c. 300–750 CE notes

1. 1.4.4.1Pallavas of Kanchi: origin and major rulers

   The Pallavas ruled from Kanchipuram from about the fourth to the ninth century CE, and in the sixth to eighth centuries gave South India its first monumental rock-cut and structural temples.

   Standard · 6 min · Full course
2. 1.4.4.2Chalukyas of Badami: Pulakesin II and the Aihole inscription

   The Chalukyas of Badami (c. 543 to 753 CE) built the first great Deccan empire after the Satavahanas, reached their peak under Pulakesin II, who stopped Harsha on the Narmada and sent his brother to rule Vengi.

   Standard · 5 min · Full course
3. 1.4.4.3Pallava–Chalukya wars: Mahendravarman I to Vikramaditya II

   For about 150 years the Pallavas of Kanchi and the Chalukyas of Badami fought over the Tungabhadra–Krishna region, and each side took the other's capital in turn.

   Standard · 5 min · Full course
4. 1.4.4.4Early Pandyas, Kalabhras, Kadambas and Western Gangas

   In the centuries after the Sangam age, the Kalabhras interrupted Tamil rule, the Pandyas revived at Madurai, and in Karnataka the Kadambas of Banavasi and the Western Gangas of Talakad built the first Kannada kingdoms.

   Standard · 5 min · Full course
5. 1.4.4.5Alvars and Nayanars: early Bhakti in the Tamil country

   From about the sixth to the ninth century, twelve Vaishnava Alvars and sixty-three Shaiva Nayanars sang in Tamil of personal devotion, shifting popular religion away from Buddhism and Jainism.

   Standard · 4 min · Full course

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