2.3 Living world, cell and genetics notes

1. 2.3.1Classification of living organisms and the world of microbes

   Living things are named with a two-part Latin name and grouped into kingdoms and domains by cell type and nutrition, and microbes (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae) are the smallest and most numerous groups, both useful and harmful.

   Standard · 6 min · Full course
2. 2.3.2Cell: structure, organelles and cell division

   The cell is the basic unit of life; each organelle has a job, and cells multiply by mitosis (for growth) or meiosis (for gametes).

   Standard · 6 min · Full course
3. 2.3.3Biomolecules and enzymes: carbohydrates to nucleic acids

   Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are the four classes of large biomolecules; enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up the reactions of life.

   Standard · 6 min · Full course
4. 2.3.4Mendel's laws and patterns of inheritance

   Mendel showed that traits are passed on by discrete factors (genes) that separate and recombine in predictable ratios, and later work added exceptions such as incomplete dominance, multiple alleles and linkage.

   Standard · 6 min · Full course
5. 2.3.5DNA, chromosomes, sex determination and genetic disorders

   DNA is a double helix that carries the code for proteins through RNA, and changes in genes or in chromosome number cause inherited disorders such as haemophilia, sickle-cell anaemia and Down syndrome.

   Standard · 6 min · Full course

Medha AI is an independent preparation service. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by or connected to APPSC, TSPSC, MPSC, UPSC or any other commission or government body.