1 Current Events & Technology · 1.3 Technology in planning

1.3.3 GPS/GNSS, DGPS and NavIC; total station surveys for base maps

Satellite positioning (GNSS) and total stations are the two field tools that give planners accurate coordinates: GNSS fixes control points from satellites, and the total station measures angles and distances between them to map every plot, road and building.

  • MPSC ATP
  • Standard level
  • 7 min read
  • Full course

Key terms

  • GPS
  • GNSS
  • segments
  • DGPS
  • RTK
  • CORS
  • NavIC
  • IRNSS
  • GAGAN
  • multipath
  • PDOP
  • total station
  • EDM
  • stake-out
  • reflectorless

What this note covers

  1. Core factsFoundation
  2. ExplainedStandard
  3. DeeperAdvanced
  4. Mains writingMains writing
  5. Common trapsFoundation
  6. Quick revisionFoundation

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