4 Geography · 4.1.3 Rocks and geomorphology

4.1.3.7 Coastal landforms: cliffs, sea caves, spits, bars and lagoons; emergent and submergent coasts

Waves and currents carve high rocky coasts into cliffs, caves, arches and stacks, and build low sedimentary coasts into beaches, bars, spits and lagoons; changes in sea level make coasts emergent or submergent.

  • APPSC Group 1
  • Advanced level
  • 8 min read
  • Full course

Key terms

  • waves
  • currents
  • high rocky coast
  • low sedimentary coast
  • sea cliff
  • wave-cut terrace
  • wave-cut platform
  • sea cave
  • sea arch
  • sea stack
  • beach
  • coastal dune
  • off-shore bar
  • barrier bar
  • barrier island
  • spit
  • tombolo
  • lagoon
  • emergent coast
  • submergent coast
  • ria
  • fjord
  • Dalmatian coast
  • raised beach
  • Chilika
  • Pulicat

What this note covers

  1. Core factsFoundation
  2. ExplainedStandard
  3. DeeperAdvanced
  4. AP angleStandard
  5. Mains writingMains writing
  6. Common trapsFoundation
  7. Quick revisionFoundation

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