Paper I · 4 Geography of India & AP · 4.1.3 Rocks and geomorphology

4.1.3.8 Karst landforms: sinkholes, caves, stalactites and stalagmites

Karst landforms form when groundwater dissolves limestone and dolomite, creating sinkholes, uvalas, lapies and caves, and then redepositing calcium carbonate as stalactites, stalagmites and pillars.

  • APPSC Paper I · Paper I
  • Standard level
  • 7 min read
  • Full course

Key terms

  • karst
  • groundwater
  • limestone
  • dolomite
  • carbonation
  • solution
  • swallow hole
  • sinkhole
  • doline
  • solution sink
  • collapse sink
  • uvala
  • valley sink
  • polje
  • lapies
  • limestone pavement
  • cave
  • tunnel
  • stalactite
  • stalagmite
  • pillar
  • column
  • Borra Caves
  • Belum Caves
  • Krem Liat Prah

What this note covers

  1. Core factsFoundation
  2. ExplainedStandard
  3. DeeperAdvanced
  4. AP angleStandard
  5. Mains writingMains writing
  6. Common trapsFoundation
  7. Quick revisionFoundation

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