Probation Officer Paper II: Psychology · 13 Adjustment and Stress · APPSC Paper I
13.1 Adjustment and stress notes
2 notes, in reading order.
- 13.1.1Adjustment, frustration, conflict and sources of stress
Adjustment is the continuing process of balancing one's needs against the demands of the surroundings; when a need is blocked we feel frustration, when two incompatible motives pull at once we face conflict (Lewin's types), and any demand that exceeds our ability to cope is felt as stress, which comes from physical-environmental, psychological and social stressors, from big life events and from small daily hassles. Stress reactions, coping and stress management are in PSY-ST-02; appraisal, Yerkes-Dodson and Type A are in MAB-EI-02.
Standard · 14 min · Read here - 13.1.2Stress reactions, coping and stress management
Stress shows itself in emotional, physiological, cognitive and behavioural reactions; Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (alarm → resistance → exhaustion) explains how long stress wears the body down and weakens immunity; coping is the conscious, changing effort to manage stress (task-, emotion- or avoidance-oriented), unlike unconscious defence mechanisms; and stress is managed by relaxation, meditation, biofeedback, creative visualisation, cognitive-behavioural techniques and exercise, backed by life skills, social support and resilience. Sources of stress are in PSY-ST-01; appraisal, problem- vs emotion-focused coping and empathy are in MAB-EI-02.
Standard · 15 min · Read here
Practise Adjustment and stress. Questions with answers explained, from the same topics.
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