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TGPSC MPSO / ASO · Study notes

Indian Polity and Constitution notes for TGPSC MPSO / ASO

126 notes in 20 chapters. Open a chapter, or go straight to a note.

11.1.1 Historical background 5

11.1.1.1Company rule: Regulating Act 1773 to Charter Act 1853Read here
11.1.1.2Crown rule: Government of India Act 1858 to Indian Councils Act 1909Read here
11.1.1.3Government of India Act 1919Read here
11.1.1.4Government of India Act 1935Read here
11.1.1.5Indian Independence Act 1947Read here

11.1.2 Making of the Constitution 4

11.1.3 Salient features and Preamble 5

11.1.3.1Salient features of the Constitution
11.1.3.2Parliamentary system: Indian and British models
11.1.3.3Federal system: federal and unitary features
11.1.3.4Preamble: text, components and keywords
11.1.3.5Preamble in the courts: Berubari to Kesavananda

11.1.4 Amendment and basic structure 4

11.1.4.1Article 368: procedure and types of amendment
11.1.4.2Basic structure doctrine: evolution and elements
11.1.4.3Important amendments at a glance
11.1.4.442nd and 44th Amendments

11.1.5 Union and its territory 3

11.1.5.1Articles 1–4: union, territory and new states
11.1.5.2Reorganisation of states: commissions and new states
11.1.5.3Union territories: administration and Delhi

11.1.6 Citizenship 3

11.1.6.1Articles 5–11: citizenship at the commencement
11.1.6.2Citizenship Act 1955 and the 2019 amendment
11.1.6.3NRI, PIO and OCI

11.1.7 Fundamental Rights 15

11.1.7.1Fundamental Rights: overview and features
11.1.7.2Article 12 (State) and Article 13 (laws void)
11.1.7.3Article 14: equality before law
11.1.7.4Articles 15–16: non-discrimination and reservation
11.1.7.5Articles 17–18: untouchability and titles
11.1.7.6Article 19: the six freedoms
11.1.7.7Article 20: protection in respect of conviction
11.1.7.8Articles 21 and 21A: life, liberty and education
11.1.7.9Article 22: arrest and preventive detention
11.1.7.10Articles 23–24: right against exploitation
11.1.7.11Articles 25–28: freedom of religion
11.1.7.12Articles 29–30: cultural and educational rights
11.1.7.13Article 32 and the writs
11.1.7.14Articles 31A–31C, 33–35 and limits on Fundamental Rights
11.1.7.15Right to property: from Article 31 to Article 300A

11.1.8 DPSP and Fundamental Duties 4

11.1.8.1Directive Principles: features and classification
11.1.8.2Directive Principles article by article, and later additions
11.1.8.3Fundamental Rights versus Directive Principles
11.1.8.4Fundamental Duties (Article 51A)

11.2.1 Union executive 9

11.2.1.1President: election, qualifications and term
11.2.1.2President: executive, legislative and financial powers
11.2.1.3Ordinances (Article 123) and veto powers
11.2.1.4Pardoning power (Article 72) and impeachment
11.2.1.5Vice-President
11.2.1.6Prime Minister
11.2.1.7Council of Ministers and the Cabinet
11.2.1.8Cabinet committees and the PMO
11.2.1.9Attorney General and Solicitor General

11.2.2 Parliament 10

11.2.2.1Composition of Parliament: Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
11.2.2.2Membership of Parliament: qualifications, disqualification and office of profit
11.2.2.3Presiding officers and leaders in Parliament
11.2.2.4Sessions and devices of parliamentary proceedings
11.2.2.5Legislative procedure in Parliament and types of bills
11.2.2.6Money bills, financial bills and joint sitting
11.2.2.7Budget, grants and the three funds
11.2.2.8Parliamentary committees
11.2.2.9Parliamentary privileges
11.2.2.10Rajya Sabha versus Lok Sabha; women's reservation (106th Amendment)

11.3.1 Judiciary 7

11.3.1.1Supreme Court: composition, appointment and the collegium
11.3.1.2Supreme Court: jurisdiction and powers
11.3.1.3High Courts
11.3.1.4Subordinate courts
11.3.1.5Judicial review, judicial activism and PIL
11.3.1.6Tribunals
11.3.1.7Legal services, Lok Adalats, Gram Nyayalayas and ADR

11.2.3 State executive and legislature 5

11.2.3.1Governor: appointment, powers and discretion
11.2.3.2Chief Minister and the state Council of Ministers
11.2.3.3State legislature: Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council
11.2.3.4Legislative procedure in the states
11.2.3.5Advocate General of the state

12.1 Centre–State relations 5

12.1.1Legislative relations: the three lists
12.1.2Administrative relations
12.1.3Financial relations
12.1.4Inter-state relations: water disputes, councils and zonal councils
12.1.5Commissions on Centre–State relations

12.2 Local government 7

12.2.1Panchayati raj: evolution and committees
12.2.273rd Amendment: panchayats (Part IX)
12.2.374th Amendment: municipalities (Part IXA)
12.2.4Types of urban local bodies
12.2.5PESA 1996 and local government in scheduled areas
12.2.6Local government in Andhra Pradesh
12.2.7Co-operative societies (97th Amendment)

11.4.1 Constitutional bodies 7

11.4.1.1Election Commission
11.4.1.2UPSC, State PSCs and Joint PSCs
11.4.1.3Finance Commission
11.4.1.4GST Council
11.4.1.5Comptroller and Auditor General
11.4.1.6NCSC, NCST and NCBC
11.4.1.7Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities

11.4.2 Statutory and non-constitutional bodies 6

11.4.2.1NITI Aayog
11.4.2.2National and State Human Rights Commissions
11.4.2.3Central and State Information Commissions
11.4.2.4CVC, CBI and NIA
11.4.2.5Lokpal and Lokayuktas
11.4.2.6Commissions for women, children, minorities and consumers

11.4.3 Elections 6

11.4.3.1Electoral system and the election process
11.4.3.2Representation of the People Acts 1950 and 1951
11.4.3.3Political parties: registration, recognition and symbols
11.4.3.4Anti-defection law (Tenth Schedule)
11.4.3.5Delimitation
11.4.3.6Electoral reforms

11.4.4 Emergency, special provisions and schedules 7

11.4.4.1National emergency (Article 352)
11.4.4.2President's rule (Article 356)
11.4.4.3Financial emergency (Article 360)
11.4.4.4Special provisions for states: Articles 371 to 371J
11.4.4.5Fifth and Sixth Schedules: scheduled and tribal areas
11.4.4.6Official language (Part XVII)
11.4.4.7The twelve schedules

11.5.1 Governance, public policy and e-Governance 8

2.1 International relations and India's foreign policy 6

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