APPSC Paper I · Probation Officer Paper II: Psychology · Topic 8

8 APPSC Paper I Memory questions with answers

22 questions from APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology question paper with answers and APPSC DPO Psychology Mock 1 with answers. Try each one, then tap Show answer.

Previous-paper questions are as in the original paper. Medha AI wrote the answers and explanations.

8.1Nature and physiological basis of memory; memory stores and typesNotes

  1. Q1 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q65

    Storage of learning which has a neural chemical and biological basis called -

    1. AMemory
    2. BDichotomy
    3. CForbids
    4. DForgetting
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. Memory

    Memory is the storage and retention of what has been learnt; it has neural, chemical and biological bases in the brain.

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q68, final key

  2. Q2 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q66

    _____ in Memory is a physical and chemical change in the brain that represents something encoded as a memory.

    1. AStorage
    2. BTrace
    3. CRetrieval
    4. DForgetting
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    Answer B. Trace

    A memory trace (engram) is the physical and chemical change in the brain that represents an encoded memory.

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q69, final key

  3. Q3 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q69

    The memory; recall specific information about anything for a brief period is called?

    1. ASensory memory
    2. BLong term memory
    3. CShort-term memory
    4. DIconic memory
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    Answer C. Short-term memory

    Short-term memory holds a small amount of information for a brief period, about 20-30 seconds without rehearsal.

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q72, final key

  4. Q4 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q71

    Multi-store model was proposed by -

    1. AAtkinson & Shiffrin
    2. BMcDougall
    3. CMorgan
    4. DClark L. Hull
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. Atkinson & Shiffrin

    Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) proposed the multi-store model with sensory, short-term and long-term stores.

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q74, final key

  5. Q5 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q75

    All concepts and rules of logic are stored in which of the memories?

    1. AFlashbulb memory
    2. BAutobiographical memory
    3. CSemantic memory
    4. DShort-term memory store
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    Answer C. Semantic memory

    Semantic memory is the part of long-term memory that holds general knowledge, concepts, word meanings and rules of logic.

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q78, final key

  6. Q6 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q69

    Match the following items given in List-I with the items given in List-II.

    List – I (Type of memory)List – II (Example)
    a. Episodic memory1. Typing without looking at the keyboard
    b. Semantic memory2. Recognising a word faster because it was seen earlier
    c. Procedural memory3. Remembering your first day at college
    d. Priming4. Knowing that water boils at 100 °C at sea level
    1. Aa-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
    2. Ba-4, b-3, c-1, d-2
    3. Ca-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
    4. Da-1, b-4, c-3, d-2
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2

    Episodic = personal events, semantic = facts, procedural = skills, priming = unconscious influence of earlier exposure.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

  7. Q7 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q71

    Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?

    1. AIconic memory – vision
    2. BProcedural memory – general facts about the world
    3. CEchoic memory – hearing
    4. DEpisodic memory – personal events
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    Answer B. Procedural memory – general facts about the world

    Procedural memory holds skills; facts about the world are semantic memory.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

  8. Q8 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q73

    Knowing how to ride a bicycle or tie shoelaces is an example of

    1. AEpisodic memory
    2. BProcedural memory
    3. CSemantic memory
    4. DEchoic memory
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer B. Procedural memory

    Procedural memory holds 'knowing how': motor skills that run automatically and are hard to put into words.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

  9. Q9 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q75

    Which of the following is NOT a form of non-declarative (implicit) memory?

    1. APriming
    2. BProcedural skills
    3. CSemantic memory
    4. DClassically conditioned responses
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    Answer C. Semantic memory

    Non-declarative memory shows itself in performance without conscious recall: skills, priming, conditioning and habituation.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

  10. Q10 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q77

    In Baddeley's working memory model, which component holds and manipulates visual and spatial information?

    1. APhonological loop
    2. BCentral executive
    3. CSensory register
    4. DVisuospatial sketchpad
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    Answer D. Visuospatial sketchpad

    The visuospatial sketchpad is the 'inner eye'; the phonological loop is the 'inner voice'.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

  11. Q11 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q79

    The working memory model, which replaced the idea of a single short-term store with several interacting components, was proposed by

    1. AGeorge Miller
    2. BGeorge Sperling
    3. CBaddeley and Hitch
    4. DFrederic Bartlett
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    Answer C. Baddeley and Hitch

    Baddeley and Hitch (1974) described working memory as a central executive with slave systems such as the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

8.1Measuring memory, forgetting and mnemonicsNotes

  1. Q12 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q67

    There are _____ methods of measuring memory.

    1. Acertain
    2. Bdirect and indirect
    3. Ccorrect
    4. DIndirect Only
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    Answer B. direct and indirect

    Memory is measured by direct methods (recall, recognition) and indirect methods (such as relearning or savings and priming).

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q70, final key

  2. Q13 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q68

    What do we call the overall process of recovering information from the memory?

    1. AMemory retrieval/Recall
    2. BMemory relearning
    3. CMemory recognition
    4. DMemory unforgotten
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. Memory retrieval/Recall

    Retrieval, often shown as recall, is the overall process of getting information back out of memory.

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q71, final key

  3. Q14 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q70

    Forgetting information from short term memory can explained using the theories of -

    1. ARetrieval
    2. BTrace decay and displacement.
    3. CConsolidation
    4. DIconic
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer B. Trace decay and displacement.

    Forgetting from short-term memory is explained by trace decay (the trace fades with time) and displacement (new items push out old ones).

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q73, final key

  4. Q15 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q72

    _____ can help in remembering abstract words and concepts a person is not familiar with.

    1. AHOMES
    2. BMnemonics
    3. CAcronym
    4. DROYGBIV
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer B. Mnemonics

    Mnemonics are memory aids that help a person remember unfamiliar or abstract words and ideas. HOMES, ROYGBIV and acronyms are particular examples of mnemonics.

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q75, final key

  5. Q16 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q73

    In which of the following methods of memory, commonly known as mnemonics, does the person picture a very familiar room or series of rooms in a house or other building?

    1. APeg-word method
    2. BMethod of loci
    3. CVerbal organization
    4. DAbbreviation method
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer B. Method of loci

    In the method of loci a person imagines a familiar room or route and places items to be remembered at locations along it.

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q76, final key

  6. Q17 DPO 2023 Psychology, Q74

    Which of the following methods does come under the organisation category of mnemonics?

    1. AChunking
    2. BKeyword method
    3. CPeg word method
    4. DMethod of loci
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. Chunking

    Mnemonics are grouped into those using images (keyword, loci, peg word) and those using organisation (chunking, first-letter technique). Chunking belongs to organisation.

    Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q77, final key

  7. Q18 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q70

    Match the following items given in List-I with the items given in List-II.

    List – I (Researcher)List – II (Contribution to memory research)
    a. Hermann Ebbinghaus1. Magical number seven, plus or minus two
    b. Frederic Bartlett2. Savings method
    c. George Miller3. Less forgetting after sleep than after waking activity
    d. Jenkins and Dallenbach4. Schemas and reconstructive remembering
    1. Aa-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
    2. Ba-4, b-2, c-1, d-3
    3. Ca-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
    4. Da-2, b-4, c-1, d-3
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer D. a-2, b-4, c-1, d-3

    Ebbinghaus (1885) introduced the savings method; Bartlett (1932) reconstructive memory; Miller (1956) the 7 ± 2 span; Jenkins and Dallenbach (1924) the sleep and interference study.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

  8. Q19 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q72

    The forgetting curve drawn by Ebbinghaus plots which of the following?

    1. AAmount of material retained against the time elapsed since learning
    2. BAmount of material learnt against the number of practice trials
    3. CNumber of items recalled against their position in the list
    4. DSpeed of response against the number of reinforcements
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. Amount of material retained against the time elapsed since learning

    The Ebbinghaus forgetting curve shows retention (e.g. savings) on the vertical axis and time since learning on the horizontal axis: a steep early fall followed by levelling off.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

  9. Q20 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q74

    Which mnemonic is most widely used for learning foreign-language vocabulary by linking the foreign word to a similar-sounding familiar word and forming an interacting image?

    1. AKeyword method
    2. BMethod of loci
    3. CChunking
    4. DPeg-word method
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. Keyword method

    The keyword method (Atkinson and Raugh) is an imagery mnemonic designed for vocabulary learning.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

  10. Q21 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q76

    Remembering the digits 1 9 4 7 2 0 2 6 as two years, '1947' and '2026', is an example of:

    1. AFirst-letter technique
    2. BKeyword method
    3. CChunking
    4. DPeg-word method
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer C. Chunking

    Chunking, highlighted by George Miller (1956), packs more information into the 7 ± 2 slots of short-term memory.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

  11. Q22 DPO Psychology Mock 1, Q78

    Remembering the colours of the rainbow as 'VIBGYOR' is an example of which mnemonic?

    1. AChunking
    2. BPeg-word method
    3. CMethod of loci
    4. DFirst-letter technique (acronym)
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer D. First-letter technique (acronym)

    Acronyms and acrostics use the first letters of items; they are organisation-based mnemonics.

    Source: Medha AI, based on the APPSC District Probation Officer Paper II (Psychology) syllabus (12/2026)

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