Previous year paper · APPSC Paper I
APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology question paper with answers
- 143 questions
- 150 minutes
- +1 right · −0.33 wrong
- Year 2023
Try each question first. Then tap Show answer.
Topics in this paper (15)
- Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement12
- Intelligence and Aptitude12
- Development of Human Behaviour11
- Personality11
- Memory11
- Introduction to Psychology10
- Methods in Psychology10
- Application of Psychology10
- Motivation and Emotion10
- Adjustment and Stress9
- Physiological Psychology8
- Cognition and Language8
- Social Behaviour8
- Perception7
- Learning6
Questions and answers
- Q1 Introduction to Psychology
According to Bagga & Singh (1990), the term Psychology was first used by ______.
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Answer B. Rudolf Goeckle, 1950
The word 'psychologia' is credited to Rudolf Goeckel (Goclenius), who used it in a book title in 1590; the paper prints the year as 1950, but Goeckel is clearly the intended answer.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q1, final key
- Q2 Introduction to Psychology
Define, Psychology is a ______?
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Answer D. Social science
In this key psychology is classed as a social science: it studies human behaviour and mental processes, much of it in social settings, although it also draws on biology.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q2, final key
- Q3 Introduction to Psychology
Scientific Psychology was first accepted in?
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Answer C. 1879
Scientific psychology dates from 1879, when Wilhelm Wundt set up the first psychology laboratory at Leipzig.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q3, final key
- Q4 Introduction to Psychology
Name the psychologist who constructed the first intelligence test?
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Answer D. Alfred Binet
Alfred Binet, with Theodore Simon, built the first practical intelligence test (the Binet-Simon scale, 1905).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q4, final key
- Q5 Introduction to Psychology
Violence inflicted by an individual on self-called?
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Answer A. Self-directed violence
The WHO classifies violence a person directs at themselves (suicidal behaviour, self-harm) as self-directed violence.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q5, final key
- Q6 Introduction to Psychology
Unfair ways of treating people on the basis of color complexion, is called?
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Answer B. Racism
Treating people unfairly because of their race or skin colour is racism.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q6, final key
- Q7 Introduction to Psychology
Psychologist who work in educational systems, and their roles vary according to the levels of their training is called?
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Answer C. School psychologists
School psychologists work inside the education system, and what they do depends on how much training they have.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q7, final key
- Q8 Introduction to Psychology
_________ field of psychology focuses on the potential role of evolution in behavior.
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Answer C. Evolutional Psychology
Evolutionary psychology explains behaviour in terms of adaptations shaped by natural selection.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q8, final key
- Q9 Introduction to Psychology
The major schools of psychological thought are structuralism, _____, functionalism, Gestalt school, psychoanalysis, humanistic psychology and cognitive psychology.
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Answer B. Behaviorism
Behaviourism (Watson) is one of the classical schools, alongside structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt, psychoanalysis, humanistic and cognitive psychology.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q9, final key
- Q10 Methods in Psychology
Controlled observation is a research method for studying behavior in ______ environment.
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Answer A. Controlled and structured environment.
In controlled observation the researcher decides the setting and the procedures, usually in a laboratory, so behaviour is observed in a controlled and structured environment.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q10, final key
- Q11 Methods in Psychology
The Main difference between quantitative and qualitative?
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Answer D. The type of data they collect and analyze
Quantitative research collects numerical data and analyses it statistically; qualitative research collects non-numerical data such as words and meanings.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q11, final key
- Q12 Methods in Psychology
The process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting non-numerical data, called?
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Answer A. Qualitative Methods
Collecting and interpreting non-numerical data (text, interviews, observations) is qualitative research.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q12, final key
- Q13 Methods in Psychology
The Systematic study of facts according to a reliable and correct method of study is called a _________.
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Answer A. Scientific Study
Studying facts systematically with a reliable, correct method is what makes a study scientific.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q13, final key
- Q14 Methods in Psychology
Method of psychology, different types of data or information are collected. Some of these types are:
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Answer A. Demographic, Physical, Physiological, Psychological Information
Psychological assessment gathers demographic, physical, physiological and psychological information about a person; the other options are narrower subsets.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q14, final key
- Q15 Methods in Psychology
______ investigate the frequency with root causes of psychological health issues psychologists employ questionnaires.
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Answer B. Surveys
Surveys use questionnaires on large samples to find out how often problems occur and what goes with them.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q15, final key
- Q16 Methods in Psychology
______ Research is used to explore cause-and-effect relationships between two or more variables.
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Answer A. Experimental
Only an experiment, in which the independent variable is manipulated and others are controlled, can establish cause and effect.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q17, final key
- Q17 Methods in Psychology
The Two main types of variables in psychology are _______.
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Answer B. Independent & dependent variable
Experiments have an independent variable (the one manipulated) and a dependent variable (the one measured).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q19, final key
- Q18 Methods in Psychology
A _______ is a statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
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Answer A. Hypothesis
A hypothesis is a testable statement about how two or more variables are related.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q20, final key
- Q19 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
______ is the sum of all values divided by the total number of values.
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Answer A. Mean
The arithmetic mean is the sum of all values divided by the number of values.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q21, final key
- Q20 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
A dataset is a _____ of n number of scores or values.
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Answer B. distribution
A set of n scores, arranged by value, forms a distribution of scores.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q22, final key
- Q21 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
______ is defined as difference between the highest and the lowest value of a sample.
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Answer B. Range
The range is the highest value minus the lowest value.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q23, final key
- Q22 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
The largest value in a data set is called:
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Answer D. Maximum
The largest value in a data set is its maximum.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q24, final key
- Q23 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
Scores from -0.5 to -1 indicate a sturdy ______.
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Answer A. Negative correlation
Correlation coefficients from -0.5 to -1 show a strong negative (inverse) relationship.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q25, final key
- Q24 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
______ is a statement that says there is no relationship between two measured associations among groups.
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Answer D. Null hypothesis
The null hypothesis (H0) states that there is no relationship or difference between the variables or groups.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q26, final key
- Q25 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
Scales of measurement are also called:
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Answer B. Levels of measurement
Scales of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) are also called levels of measurement.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q27, final key
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Start free - Q26 Methods in Psychology
The sampling technique follows the _____ and the results garnered from a particular set of units
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Answer B. Scientific approach
Sampling follows a scientific approach: results from a chosen set of units are generalised to the population.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q28, final key
- Q27 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
Data can be categorized, ranked, and evenly spaced is called ______.
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Answer A. Interval
Interval data can be categorised and ranked and have equal spacing between values, but no true zero.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q29, final key
- Q28 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
Which options are the Examples of ratio scales?
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Answer A. Height, Age, Weight, Temperature in Kelvin
Ratio scales have a true zero: height, age, weight and temperature in Kelvin.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q30, final key
- Q29 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
Which one are the steps for Constructing Standardized Tests?
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Answer B. Checking the Reliability and Validity of the test
Building a standardised test includes checking its reliability and validity before it is used.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q31, final key
- Q30 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
______ Signifies the gap between the individuals score and the Mean depicted as standard deviation of the distribution.
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Answer B. Standard Score
A standard score (z-score) shows how far a person's score is from the mean, in units of standard deviation.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q32, final key
- Q31 Quantitative Analysis and Psychological Measurement
_____ is calculated by finding the mean row score earned by students in a specific grade.
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Answer C. Grade Norm
A grade norm is the mean raw score earned by students in a particular grade (the paper prints 'raw' as 'row').
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q33, final key
- Q32 Physiological Psychology
Neurons are the _____ units of the brain.
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Answer D. Information processing
Neurons are the basic units of the nervous system that process and pass on information.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q34, final key
- Q33 Physiological Psychology
_____ plays a role in social recognition, bonding, and sexual reproduction.
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Answer B. Oxytocin
Oxytocin is involved in social recognition, bonding (pair and mother-infant) and reproduction.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q35, final key
- Q34 Physiological Psychology
______ refers differential role of the left or right brain side in processing a specific neuronal task or behavior.
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Answer B. Hemispheric specialization
Hemispheric specialisation (lateralisation) means that the left and right hemispheres play different roles in particular tasks.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q36, final key
- Q35 Physiological Psychology
Each hemisphere is responsible for ______.
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Answer A. Different function
The two hemispheres specialise, so each handles different functions, for example language mostly in the left.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q37, final key
- Q36 Physiological Psychology
The central nervous system (CNS) is made up of the ______.
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Answer A. Brain and spinal cord
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q38, final key
- Q37 Physiological Psychology
The Endocrine system controls some bodily functions which are -
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Answer B. metabolism
The endocrine system controls bodily functions such as metabolism, growth and reproduction through hormones; the other options are glands, not functions.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q39, final key
- Q38 Physiological Psychology
Hemi sphericity is cerebral dominance of an individual and it has processing modes of information -
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Answer A. Learning and thinking
Hemisphericity is a person's tendency to rely more on one hemisphere; it describes preferred modes of processing information in learning and thinking.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q40, final key
- Q39 Development of Human Behaviour
The psychology of individual differences seeks to understand -
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Answer D. Inter and intra-individual differences
The psychology of individual differences studies differences between people (inter-individual) and within one person across traits (intra-individual).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q41, final key
- Q40 Personality
The Big Five Personality Trait includes except -
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Answer D. Physic Development
The Big Five are openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism; physical development is not one of them.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q42, final key
- Q41 Development of Human Behaviour
Developmental psychology is the branch of psychology which focuses on -
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Answer A. People grow and change
Developmental psychology studies how people grow and change across the lifespan.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q43, final key
- Q42 Development of Human Behaviour
Nature refers largely to our _____.
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Answer B. Genetics
In the nature-nurture debate, 'nature' means heredity or genetics and 'nurture' means environment and experience.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q44, final key
- Q43 Development of Human Behaviour
An individual’s phenotype is _____ and _____ be modified by a person’s experiences.
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Answer C. the observable expression of one’s genetic content; can
The phenotype is the observable expression of the genotype, and it can be changed by environment and experience.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q45, final key
- Q44 Development of Human Behaviour
Concrete operational stage:
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Answer A. Ages 7 to 11
Piaget's concrete operational stage runs from about age 7 to 11.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q46, final key
- Q45 Development of Human Behaviour
According to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children move through _____ different stages of learning.
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Answer B. Four
Piaget described four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q47, final key
- Q46 Development of Human Behaviour
______ is developed on the basis of general rather than specific situations.
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Answer C. Moral Behavior
Moral behaviour is said to develop from general principles rather than from specific situations, as children come to apply moral concepts broadly.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q48, final key
- Q47 Learning
Chances are, if you reward a behavior, it will be repeated called -
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Answer A. Operant Conditioning
In operant conditioning (Skinner), behaviour that is reinforced or rewarded is more likely to be repeated.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q49, final key
- Q48 Development of Human Behaviour
Development can be defined as ______.
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Answer B. Progressive series of orders, coherent changes
Hurlock defines development as a progressive series of orderly, coherent changes (the paper prints 'orderly' as 'orders').
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q50, final key
- Q49 Development of Human Behaviour
Which theory focuses on the deep relationships between people across their lifetime?
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Answer A. Attachment theory
Attachment theory (Bowlby, Ainsworth) studies the deep, lasting emotional bonds between people, beginning in infancy and continuing across the lifespan.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q51, final key
- Q50 Development of Human Behaviour
Who created a theory of human development based on moral development concepts?
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Answer D. Lawrence Kohlberg
Lawrence Kohlberg built a stage theory of moral development (pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional levels) extending Piaget's work.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q52, final key
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Start free - Q51 Perception
Perception Theory was given by -
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Answer C. Gibson
James J. Gibson proposed the theory of direct (ecological) perception, holding that the environment offers enough information to perceive it directly, without inference.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q53, final key
- Q52 Perception
How we make sense of the world around us?
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Answer A. Perception
Perception is the process of organising and interpreting sensory information so that we make sense of the world around us.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q54, final key
- Q53 Perception
Perception in ______ refers to the process through which sensory stimulation is translated, organized experience.
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Answer B. Humans
In human psychology, perception is the process by which raw sensory stimulation is translated into organised, meaningful experience.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q55, final key
- Q54 Perception
Processing Approaches in Perception includes -
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Answer A. Bottom-up processing & Top-down processing
Perception is explained by two processing approaches: bottom-up (data-driven, from sensory features) and top-down (concept-driven, from knowledge and expectations).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q56, final key
- Q55 Perception
Which of the following is the part of Sub-processes of Perception?
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Answer B. Stimulus-Sensory receptors-CNS-Perception
Perception proceeds as a sequence: a stimulus acts on sensory receptors, the signal travels to the central nervous system, and the brain interprets it as a percept.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q57, final key
- Q56 Perception
Normal-sighted individuals have three different types of cones called -
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Answer B. Color vision
People with normal colour vision are trichromats: they have three types of cones sensitive to short, medium and long wavelengths, which give colour vision.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q58, final key
- Q57 Perception
The perception of stable features under changing conditions is called -
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Answer C. Perceptual constancy
Perceptual constancy is seeing objects as having stable size, shape and brightness even when the image on the retina changes with distance, angle or lighting.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q59, final key
- Q58 Learning
Classical conditioning was Discovered by -
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Answer C. Ivan Pavlov
Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, discovered classical conditioning while studying salivation in dogs.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q61, final key
- Q59 Learning
Select The two important concepts central to Behavioral Psychology.
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Answer B. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning
Behavioural psychology rests on two learning processes: classical conditioning (Pavlov) and operant conditioning (Skinner).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q62, final key
- Q60 Learning
Who proposed observational learning?
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Answer C. Albert Bandura
Albert Bandura proposed observational (social) learning, shown in his Bobo doll experiments.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q63, final key
- Q61 Learning
_____ is Learning by watching others' actions and outcomes in certain circumstances.
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Answer D. Observational learning
Observational learning is learning by watching what others do and what happens to them as a result.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q64, final key
- Q62 Learning
Use of previously gained knowledge and transform the skills in new learning, problem-solving situations is associated with?
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Answer A. Transfer of learning
Transfer of learning is the use of knowledge and skills learnt earlier in a new learning or problem-solving situation.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q65, final key
- Q63 Introduction to Psychology
Match the following.
Group A Group B i) Structuralism a) John Watson ii) Functionalism b) Carl rogers iii) Behaviorism c) Ulric Neisser iv) Cognitivism d) Willim James e) Wilhelm Wundt Show answerHide answer
Answer A. i-e; ii-d; iii-a; iv-c
Structuralism goes back to Wilhelm Wundt (his student Titchener gave it the name), functionalism to William James, behaviourism to John Watson, and Ulric Neisser is called the father of cognitive psychology. Carl Rogers (humanistic) is the extra item.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q66, final key
- Q64 Application of Psychology
Match the following.
Group A Group B 1) Personal distance a) Teacher 2) Intimate distance b) work setting 3) Public distance c) Close friend 4) Social distance d) Formal interaction Show answerHide answer
Answer A. 1-b; 2-c; 3-a; 4-d
In Edward Hall's proxemics, intimate distance is for close friends and family and public distance for a teacher or speaker addressing a group; the key pairs personal distance with work settings and social distance with formal interaction.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q67, final key
- Q65 Memory
Storage of learning which has a neural chemical and biological basis called -
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Answer A. Memory
Memory is the storage and retention of what has been learnt; it has neural, chemical and biological bases in the brain.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q68, final key
- Q66 Memory
_____ in Memory is a physical and chemical change in the brain that represents something encoded as a memory.
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Answer B. Trace
A memory trace (engram) is the physical and chemical change in the brain that represents an encoded memory.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q69, final key
- Q67 Memory
There are _____ methods of measuring memory.
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Answer B. direct and indirect
Memory is measured by direct methods (recall, recognition) and indirect methods (such as relearning or savings and priming).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q70, final key
- Q68 Memory
What do we call the overall process of recovering information from the memory?
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Answer A. Memory retrieval/Recall
Retrieval, often shown as recall, is the overall process of getting information back out of memory.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q71, final key
- Q69 Memory
The memory; recall specific information about anything for a brief period is called?
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Answer C. Short-term memory
Short-term memory holds a small amount of information for a brief period, about 20-30 seconds without rehearsal.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q72, final key
- Q70 Memory
Forgetting information from short term memory can explained using the theories of -
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Answer B. Trace decay and displacement.
Forgetting from short-term memory is explained by trace decay (the trace fades with time) and displacement (new items push out old ones).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q73, final key
- Q71 Memory
Multi-store model was proposed by -
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Answer A. Atkinson & Shiffrin
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) proposed the multi-store model with sensory, short-term and long-term stores.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q74, final key
- Q72 Memory
_____ can help in remembering abstract words and concepts a person is not familiar with.
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Answer B. Mnemonics
Mnemonics are memory aids that help a person remember unfamiliar or abstract words and ideas. HOMES, ROYGBIV and acronyms are particular examples of mnemonics.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q75, final key
- Q73 Memory
In which of the following methods of memory, commonly known as mnemonics, does the person picture a very familiar room or series of rooms in a house or other building?
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Answer B. Method of loci
In the method of loci a person imagines a familiar room or route and places items to be remembered at locations along it.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q76, final key
- Q74 Memory
Which of the following methods does come under the organisation category of mnemonics?
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Answer A. Chunking
Mnemonics are grouped into those using images (keyword, loci, peg word) and those using organisation (chunking, first-letter technique). Chunking belongs to organisation.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q77, final key
- Q75 Memory
All concepts and rules of logic are stored in which of the memories?
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Answer C. Semantic memory
Semantic memory is the part of long-term memory that holds general knowledge, concepts, word meanings and rules of logic.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q78, final key
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Start free - Q76 Cognition and Language
Concerning concepts, which of the following statements is false?
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Answer D. The most essential unit of representation of knowledge in short-term memory is a concept
Concepts are units of knowledge representation in long-term memory, not short-term memory, so statement 4 is false. The other three statements are true.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q79, final key
- Q77 Cognition and Language
Who argued that children form an internal representation of the world through thinking?
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Answer B. Jean Piaget
Jean Piaget argued that children actively build internal mental representations (schemas) of the world through thinking.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q80, final key
- Q78 Cognition and Language
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
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Answer D. Concepts used in thinking are clear and unambiguous
Concepts used in thinking are often fuzzy, with unclear boundaries, so the claim that they are always clear and unambiguous is incorrect.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q81, final key
- Q79 Cognition and Language
Who proposed that children are born with universal grammar?
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Answer D. Noam Chomsky
Noam Chomsky proposed that children are born with a universal grammar and a language acquisition device.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q82, final key
- Q80 Cognition and Language
Which among the following methods of problem solving always results in correct solution?
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Answer A. Algorithm
An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure that always gives the correct solution if followed, though it may be slow; heuristics are shortcuts that may fail.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q83, final key
- Q81 Cognition and Language
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
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Answer C. Problem solving is unique to human beings
Animals also solve problems (for example Kohler's chimpanzees), so problem solving is not unique to humans. A mental set can speed up familiar problems, so the key treats statement 4 as acceptable.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q84, final key
- Q82 Cognition and Language
The creative thinking can be reflected through which of the following?
1. Teaching
2. Conversation
3. Helping others
4. Asking questions
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Answer D. 1, 2, 3 & 4
Creative thinking can show in any everyday activity: teaching, conversation, helping others and asking questions.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q85, final key
- Q83 Cognition and Language
Which of the following is not the characteristic of creative thinking?
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Answer D. Reproducibility
Creative thinking is marked by novelty, originality, flexibility, fluency and elaboration; reproducing what already exists is the opposite of creativity.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q86, final key
- Q84 Intelligence and Aptitude
Which among the following is not the indicator of intelligence?
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Answer B. Ability to listen well
Binet described intelligence as the ability to judge, comprehend and reason well, and Wechsler stressed dealing effectively with the environment. Listening well is not listed as an indicator.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q87, final key
- Q85 Intelligence and Aptitude
Which of the following approaches are represented by intelligence theories?
1. Psychometric Approach
2. Structural Approach
3. Information processing approach
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Answer D. 1, 2 & 3
Theories of intelligence follow the psychometric approach (factor theories), structural approaches (models of the structure of intellect) and the information-processing approach.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q88, final key
- Q86 Intelligence and Aptitude
Choose your answer based on the statements given below.
Assertion (A): The major focus of the information processing approach is on how an intelligent person acts.
Reason (R): The Information processing approach emphasises studying cognitive functions underlying intelligent behaviour.
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Answer A. Both the A and R are true, and the R is a correct explanation of the A
The information-processing approach studies the cognitive processes behind intelligent behaviour, so its focus is how an intelligent person acts. R explains A.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q89, final key
- Q87 Intelligence and Aptitude
Match the following:
Name Theory 1. Binet A Hierarchical model of intelligence 2. Sternberg B Primary mental abilities 3. Jansen C Triarchic theory 4. Thurstone D Uni-factor theory Show answerHide answer
Answer A. 1-D, 2-C, 3-A, 4-B
Binet gave a uni-factor view (general ability), Sternberg the triarchic theory, Jensen a hierarchical model (Level I and Level II abilities) and Thurstone the primary mental abilities.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q90, final key
- Q88 Intelligence and Aptitude
Who among the following defined that retardation as 2 mental age years below the chronological age?
1. Alfred Binet
2. Theodore Simon
3. William Stern
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Answer C. 1 & 2
Binet and Simon judged a child as retarded if the mental age was two years below the chronological age. Stern later introduced the IQ ratio.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q91, final key
- Q89 Intelligence and Aptitude
In IQ formula what is the basic purpose of using 100?
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Answer C. To avoid decimal point
IQ = (mental age / chronological age) x 100; multiplying by 100 removes the decimal point.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q92, final key
- Q90 Intelligence and Aptitude
Which among the following is not the characteristic of the gifted child?
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Answer C. Conformist thinking
Gifted children show long attention spans, strong memory, independent and divergent thinking and often enjoy working alone; conformist thinking is not typical of them.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q93, final key
- Q91 Intelligence and Aptitude
According to American Association on Mental Deficiency to judge an individual as mentally retarded she/he should have IQ?
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Answer D. Below 70
The AAMD treats an IQ below 70, together with deficits in adaptive behaviour, as the mark of mental retardation.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q94, final key
- Q92 Intelligence and Aptitude
For the categorization of mental retardation which of the age range is considered as a developmental period?
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Answer C. 0-18 years
The AAMD definition requires the deficits to show during the developmental period, up to 18 years of age.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q95, final key
- Q93 Intelligence and Aptitude
Which of the following levels of mentally retarded people can work independently, hold jobs and families?
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Answer B. Mild
Mildly retarded people (IQ about 55-70) can work independently, hold jobs and raise families.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q96, final key
- Q94 Intelligence and Aptitude
Which of the multiple intelligences refers to the abilities involved in forming, using, and transforming mental images?
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Answer B. Spatial intelligence
In Gardner's theory, spatial intelligence is the ability to form, use and transform mental images.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q97, final key
- Q95 Intelligence and Aptitude
In Artificial intelligence domain the parallel distributed processing (PDP) model is related to which of the following paradigms which means the use of artificial neural networks to explain the mental abilities of humans?
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Answer A. Connectionism
The parallel distributed processing model (Rumelhart and McClelland) belongs to connectionism, which uses artificial neural networks to explain mental abilities.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q98, final key
- Q96 Motivation and Emotion
Choose your answer based on the statements given below:
Assertion (A) : Basically there are two types of motives biological and psychological
Reason (R): Psychological and biological motives are independent of each other
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Answer C. A is true, but the R is false.
Motives are classed as biological and psychosocial, but the two interact closely (hunger is shaped by culture, for example), so R is false.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q99, final key
- Q97 Motivation and Emotion
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
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Answer B. Instinct are learned through experience
Instincts are inborn, biologically fixed patterns of behaviour found in humans and animals; they are not learnt from experience.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q100, final key
- Q98 Motivation and Emotion
Choose your answer based on the statements given below:
Assertion (A): Drive-reduction theory assumes that organism is pushed to increase the tension created by needs.
Reason (R): The primary drive need leads the body to the state of imbalance.
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Answer D. A is false, but the R is true.
Drive-reduction theory (Hull) says a need creates a tense, aroused state that pushes the organism to reduce that tension, not increase it. So A is false, while R is true: a primary need such as hunger upsets the body's balance (homeostasis).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q101, final key
- Q99 Motivation and Emotion
According to Maslow which of the following statements is incorrect in relation to self-actualized people?
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Answer D. They love to be socially withdrawn
Maslow described self-actualised people as open to new experience and challenge, with a philosophical sense of humour and deep relationships. They value some privacy, but they are not socially withdrawn.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q102, final key
- Q100 Motivation and Emotion
The explanation of which of the following phenomenon is within the scope of drive-reduction theory?
1. Drinking water when thirsty
2. Rock climbing for adventure
3. Eating food when hungry
4. Watching horror movies
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Answer D. 1 & 3 only
Drive-reduction theory explains behaviour that removes a biological need, such as drinking when thirsty and eating when hungry. Thrill seeking (rock climbing, horror films) raises arousal, so it is explained by arousal or sensation-seeking theories instead.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q103, final key
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43 questions to go. Take the rest with a timer and see your score.
Start free - Q101 Motivation and Emotion
Match the following:
Motive Purpose 1. Power A. Relationship 2. Affiliation B. Gain pleasure 3. Achievement C. Meet Standard of excellence 4. Exploration D. Charm others Show answerHide answer
Answer C. 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Power motive: to impress or charm others (D). Affiliation: to form relationships (A). Achievement: to meet a standard of excellence (C). Exploration: curiosity, for the pleasure of discovery (B).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q105, final key
- Q102 Motivation and Emotion
Which of the following physiological changes do not occur during the emotional experience of excitement?
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Answer C. Decreased perspiration
Excitement activates the sympathetic nervous system: heart rate rises, limbs may tremble, temples throb and sweating increases. Sweating does not decrease.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q106, final key
- Q103 Motivation and Emotion
Choose your answer based on the statements given below:
(A) Activation of different brain areas arouse different emotions in infants and adults
(R) Emotions are experienced due to activation of cerebral cortex
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Answer B. Both A and R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
Brain-imaging work shows that different emotions activate different brain areas, and the cerebral cortex is involved in the conscious experience of emotion. Both statements are accepted as true, but R does not explain why different areas give different emotions.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q107, final key
- Q104 Motivation and Emotion
According to Cannon Bard theory which of the following determine the subjective experience of emotion?
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Answer A. Cerebral Cortex
In the Cannon-Bard theory the thalamus relays the stimulus at the same time to the cortex and to the body. The cortex produces the felt (subjective) emotion, while the bodily changes run through the hypothalamus and autonomic system.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q108, final key
- Q105 Physiological Psychology
Which of the following statement is incorrect about sympathetic nervous system?
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Answer D. Conserves Energy
The sympathetic system mobilises energy for fight or flight: it raises blood sugar and heart rate. Conserving energy is the job of the parasympathetic system, so option 4 is the incorrect statement.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q109, final key
- Q106 Motivation and Emotion
Choose your answer based on the statements given below:
(A) Experience of emotion grows from awareness of present arousal
(R) Proposed by two-factor theory of emotions
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Answer B. Both A and R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
The Schachter-Singer two-factor theory holds that we feel an emotion when we notice our arousal and give it a cognitive label. A is part of that theory and R names the theory; per the key, R only names the source and does not explain A.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q110, final key
- Q107 Personality
In which of the following the personality of an individual is reflected?
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Answer A. Behaviour
Personality is the characteristic pattern of a person's thoughts, feelings and actions, and it is seen most directly in behaviour across situations.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q111, final key
- Q108 Personality
Which of the following is not the characteristics of personality?
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Answer D. Main features change easily over time
Personality has physical and psychological parts, shows itself in unique behaviour, and is dynamic and adaptive. Its main features are relatively stable over time; they do not change easily.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q112, final key
- Q109 Personality
Which of the following approaches best describes the classification of personality into Vata, Pitta and Kapha by Charaka Samhita?
1. Eclectic
2. Trait
3. Type
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Answer D. 3 only
Charaka Samhita sorts people into broad categories by the dominant dosha (vata, pitta, kapha). Putting people into a few categories is the type approach.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q113, final key
- Q110 Personality
Which of the personality approaches is very similar to our common experience in everyday life?
1. Type
2. Trait
3. Eclectic
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Answer B. 2 only
The trait approach describes people by specific qualities such as shy, honest or friendly, which is how we describe people in daily life (NCERT notes this similarity).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q114, final key
- Q111 Personality
Which of the view point best describes the following statement?
“A way of choosing the parts of different theories that seem to best fit a particular situation”.
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Answer C. Eclectic approach
Choosing the useful parts of several theories to suit a situation is the eclectic approach.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q115, final key
- Q112 Personality
Choose your answer based on the statements given below:
(A) Eysenck proposed that personality could be reduced into three broad dimensions
(R) The dimensions are biologically and genetically based
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Answer B. Both A and R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
Eysenck reduced personality to extraversion-introversion, neuroticism and psychoticism, and he held that these have a biological and genetic basis. Both are true, but the biological basis does not explain why there are three dimensions (they came from factor analysis).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q116, final key
- Q113 Personality
According to Freud’s view on personality which of the following is energized by death and life instincts?
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Answer A. Id
In Freud's model the id is the reservoir of instinctual energy, driven by the life instinct (Eros) and the death instinct (Thanatos).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q117, final key
- Q114 Personality
Which of the following statement is incorrect in context of Erikson’s theory of personality?
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Answer A. Stresses on unconscious ego processes
Erikson's psychosocial theory sees development as lifelong, puts ego identity at the centre, and makes the identity crisis the key task of adolescence. He stressed the rational, conscious ego rather than unconscious processes.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q118, final key
- Q115 Personality
Which of the following is not the purpose of assessment of personality?
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Answer D. Prognosis
Personality assessment is used for selection and placement, counselling and clinical diagnosis. The key treats prognosis (forecasting the course of a disorder) as not a purpose of personality assessment.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q119, final key
- Q116 Personality
Match the following:
Name Test Developed 1. Morgan and Murray A. Draw a person test 2. Carl G Jung B. Sentence completion test 3. Florence Goodenough C. Thematic apperception test 4. Hermann Ebbinghaus D. Word association test Show answerHide answer
Answer A. 1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B
Morgan and Murray made the Thematic Apperception Test (C), Jung the word association test (D), Goodenough the Draw-a-Man/person test (A), and Ebbinghaus an early sentence completion test (B).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q120, final key
- Q117 Adjustment and Stress
The pattern of responses an organism makes to stimulus event that disturbs the equilibrium and exceeds a person’s ability to cope is known by which of the following terms?
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Answer B. Stress
Stress is the pattern of responses to an event that disturbs equilibrium and taxes or exceeds a person's ability to cope.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q121, final key
- Q118 Adjustment and Stress
Which of the following stressor comes under psychological category?
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Answer C. Conflict
Psychological stresses arise in our own minds: frustration, conflict, internal pressure and social pressure (NCERT). Noise is an environmental stressor; break-up and loneliness relate to social stress.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q122, final key
- Q119 Adjustment and Stress
Which of the following is responsible for genesis of conflicts?
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Answer C. Incompatible motives
A conflict arises when two or more incompatible needs or motives are present at the same time, and satisfying one blocks the other.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q123, final key
- Q120 Adjustment and Stress
Which of the following is not a source of social stress?
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Answer A. Crowding
Social stresses come from interactions with other people: illness in the family, strained relationships, trouble with neighbours. Crowding is listed as an environmental stress.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q124, final key
- Q121 Adjustment and Stress
According to Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale which among the following life event has higher mean stress score?
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Answer B. Unexpected accident or trauma
The Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (Singh, Kaur and Kaur, an Indian scale) gives higher scores to severe, sudden events. Among these options an unexpected accident or trauma carries the highest mean stress score.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q125, final key
- Q122 Adjustment and Stress
When I schedule my time better to avoid stress, which of the following coping from stress strategies I am using?
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Answer D. Task oriented Strategy
Endler and Parker's task-oriented coping means acting on the problem itself, such as planning and scheduling time better.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q126, final key
- Q123 Adjustment and Stress
Choose your answer based on the statements given below:
(A) Coping refers to constantly changing cognitive and behavioural efforts
(R) Coping regulate the emotional response to the problems
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Answer B. Both A and R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
Lazarus and Folkman define coping as constantly changing cognitive and behavioural efforts to manage demands. Coping also regulates emotional responses (emotion-focused coping). Both are true, but R describes one function and does not explain A.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q127, final key
- Q124 Adjustment and Stress
The dynamic situation specific reaction to stress is known with which of the following names?
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Answer C. Coping
Coping is a dynamic, situation-specific reaction to stress: a set of concrete responses to stressful situations.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q128, final key
- Q125 Adjustment and Stress
Which of the following strategy is not meant for managing stress?
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Answer D. Identification
Exercise, creative visualisation and biofeedback are stress-management techniques. Identification is a defence mechanism, not a technique for managing stress.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q130, final key
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18 questions to go. Take the rest with a timer and see your score.
Start free - Q126 Development of Human Behaviour
Who used sociocultural concepts in forming his sociocultural theory of children’s cognitive development?
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Answer C. Lev Vygotsky
Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory says children's thinking develops through social interaction and cultural tools such as language.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q131, final key
- Q127 Social Behaviour
Match the following:
Term Feature 1. Impression Formation A. Social influence on observable behaviour 2. Social Cognition B. Cognitive units 3. Schema C. Inference about personal qualities of people 4. Social facilitation D. Mental process that realize social world Show answerHide answer
Answer B. 1-C, 2-D, 3-B, 4-A
Impression formation is inferring people's personal qualities (C); social cognition is the mental process of understanding the social world (D); schemas are cognitive units (B); social facilitation is social influence on observable behaviour (A).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q132, final key
- Q128 Social Behaviour
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
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Answer D. Attitude is an inherited construct
An attitude is a state of mind, a set of views or thoughts about a topic, with an evaluative feature. Attitudes are learnt through experience, not inherited.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q133, final key
- Q129 Social Behaviour
In social cognition, category-based schemas that are related to groups of people are known with which of the following names?
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Answer C. Stereotypes
Schemas that work as categories are prototypes; when such category-based schemas are about groups of people they are called stereotypes.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q135, final key
- Q130 Social Behaviour
Which of the following strategy is considered as best for reducing prejudice?
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Answer B. Education
Education, especially knowledge that challenges stereotypes plus intergroup contact, is the main strategy for reducing prejudice.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q136, final key
- Q131 Social Behaviour
Thurstone attempted to measure people's attitudes towards which of the following by his attitude scale?
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Answer C. Attitude towards religion
Thurstone and Chave (1929) built the first equal-appearing-interval scale to measure attitude towards the church (religion).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q137, final key
- Q132 Social Behaviour
Which of the following techniques was used by Likert in 1932 to develop Likert Scale?
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Answer B. Item Analysis
Likert's method of summated ratings (1932) kept items by item analysis: each item's correlation with the total score, or how well it separates high and low scorers.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q138, final key
- Q133 Social Behaviour
The social distance scale constructed by Bogardus falls under which of the following categories?
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Answer A. Cumulative scale
The Bogardus social distance scale is a cumulative scale: accepting a closer relationship implies accepting all the more distant ones.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q139, final key
- Q134 Social Behaviour
Which among the following is the basic reason that Implicit Personality theories on testing likelihood of being found incorrect?
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Answer D. These are based on person perception and experience
Implicit personality theories are lay beliefs about which traits go together. They come from personal perception and experience, not tested data, so they are often found wrong.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q140, final key
- Q135 Application of Psychology
Which category of Yogic Asana are found be beneficial in increasing positive mood?
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Answer A. Back Bending
Studies on yoga and mood report that back-bending asanas raise positive mood and energy more than other groups of postures.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q142, final key
- Q136 Application of Psychology
Which of the following term connotes the meaning of meditation?
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Answer B. Dhyaana
In Patanjali's eight limbs, dhyana is meditation. Pranayama is breath control, pratyahara is withdrawal of the senses and dharana is concentration.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q143, final key
- Q137 Application of Psychology
In which of following programming technique the student is immediately reinforced after reaching the goal?
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Answer B. Linear Programming
In Skinner's linear programmed instruction the learner moves through small steps and is reinforced at once after each correct response. Branching (Crowder's intrinsic) programming sends the learner to remedial frames after mistakes.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q144, final key
- Q138 Application of Psychology
Which of the following statement is incorrect in reference to learning style?
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Answer B. Learning style is influenced by Spiritual factors
In the Dunn and Dunn model learning style is shaped by environmental, emotional, sociological, physiological and psychological factors. Spiritual factors are not part of it.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q145, final key
- Q139 Application of Psychology
Members of a group bound to the group with mutual liking and friendship, with which of the following names is this phenomenon named?
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Answer C. Inter-personal integration
When members are held together by mutual liking and friendship, the group shows interpersonal integration (cohesion based on relationships between members).
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q146, final key
- Q140 Application of Psychology
Which of the following departments are responsible for annual and periodic assessment of employees in an industry?
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Answer B. Human Resource
Performance appraisal of employees, annual and periodic, is run by the human resource department.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q147, final key
- Q141 Application of Psychology
Which of the following job specifications falls under emotional specifications?
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Answer C. Aggressiveness
Job specifications are grouped as physical, mental, emotional and social. Memory and judgment are mental specifications; aggressiveness is listed under emotional specifications, while extroversion is usually social.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q148, final key
- Q142 Application of Psychology
Which among the following is not the personal space?
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Answer A. Physical distance
Hall's proxemics names four zones: intimate, personal, social and public distance. 'Physical distance' is not one of these zones.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q149, final key
- Q143 Application of Psychology
Which of the following statements is incorrect in context of ‘Hole in the wall’ project?
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Answer A. This project was tested in Kolkata in 2001
Sugata Mitra's Hole in the Wall experiment began in 1999 in a wall of the Kalkaji slum in New Delhi. It put computers in walls for slum children and showed they could learn by themselves, incidentally. So 'Kolkata in 2001' is wrong.
Source: APPSC DPO 2023 Psychology (Notification 11/2022), Q150, final key
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