MPSC ATP · Topic 13

13 MPSC ATP Environment questions with answers

8 questions from MPSC ATP Mock Test 1 with answers and MPSC ATP 2022 question paper with answers. Try each one, then tap Show answer.

Previous-paper questions are as in the original paper. Medha AI wrote the answers and explanations.

Urban heat island

  1. Q1 Mock Test 1, Q67

    Which of the following measures help in mitigating the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect?

    (i) Cool/reflective roofs with high albedo

    (ii) Increasing the proportion of dark asphalt surfaces

    (iii) Urban greening and green roofs

    (iv) Preserving urban water bodies

    1. A(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
    2. B(i) and (ii) only
    3. C(i), (iii) and (iv) only
    4. D(ii), (iii) and (iv) only
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer C. (i), (iii) and (iv) only

    UHI arises from low-albedo dark surfaces, reduced vegetation/evapotranspiration, urban canyon geometry and anthropogenic heat; high-albedo surfaces, vegetation and water bodies reduce it, whereas dark asphalt increases heat absorption.

    Source: Oke, T.R. – Urban climatology; Ahmedabad Heat Action Plan 2013

Principles & cases

  1. Q2 Mock Test 1, Q68

    The doctrine of 'absolute liability' for enterprises engaged in hazardous activities was laid down by the Supreme Court in:

    1. AM.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Oleum gas leak case, 1987)
    2. BIndian Council for Enviro-Legal Action v. Union of India (1996)
    3. CA.P. Pollution Control Board v. M.V. Nayudu (1999)
    4. DT.N. Godavarman v. Union of India (1996)
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Oleum gas leak case, 1987)

    In the Shriram Food & Fertilisers oleum leak case the Court evolved absolute liability (no exceptions, unlike strict liability in Rylands v. Fletcher). Bichhri (ICELA 1996) applied polluter pays; Godavarman is the forest case; Nayudu applied the precautionary principle.

    Source: M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 1086

EIA 2006

  1. Q3 Mock Test 1, Q69

    As per Schedule item 8(a) of the EIA Notification 2006, a 'Building and Construction project' requires prior environmental clearance (Category B) when its built-up area is:

    1. A20,000 sq m or more and less than 1,50,000 sq m
    2. B5,000 sq m or more
    3. C10,000 sq m or more
    4. DOnly above 1,50,000 sq m
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. 20,000 sq m or more and less than 1,50,000 sq m

    Item 8(a) covers building/construction projects with built-up area ≥20,000 sq m and <1,50,000 sq m; item 8(b) covers townships/area development of ≥50 ha or built-up ≥1,50,000 sq m. Both are Category B appraised by SEIAA.

    Source: EIA Notification 2006, Schedule, items 8(a) and 8(b)

CRZ 2019

  1. Q4 Mock Test 1, Q70

    Under the CRZ Notification, 2019, the inter-tidal zone between the Low Tide Line and the High Tide Line is classified as:

    1. ACRZ-II
    2. BCRZ-IV B
    3. CCRZ-I A
    4. DCRZ-I B
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer D. CRZ-I B

    CRZ-I A covers ecologically sensitive areas (mangroves, corals, sand dunes, etc.); CRZ-I B is the inter-tidal zone between LTL and HTL; CRZ-IV B is tidal-influenced water bodies.

    Source: CRZ Notification 2019, para 2 – classification of CRZ

NGT compensation 2022

  1. Q5 ATP 2022, Q51

    In September 2022, the National Green Tribunal (NGT) directed the State of Maharashtra to pay Rs. 12,000 crore as environmental compensation for improper management of

    1. Asolid and liquid waste
    2. Bair pollution
    3. Cgreen spaces
    4. Dcoastal areas
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. solid and liquid waste

    In September 2022 the NGT imposed Rs. 12,000 crore environmental compensation on Maharashtra for failing to manage solid and liquid waste (untreated sewage and legacy waste), to be spent on remediation. (Answer matches the official MPSC final key, 26-12-2022.)

    Source: NGT order, OA 606/2018, Sept 2022

Legal basis of CRZ notifications

  1. Q6 ATP 2022, Q52

    Coastal Regulation Zone notifications were issued by the Central Government to conserve and protect coastal stretches and marine areas under the powers conferred by the

    1. AEnvironment (Protection) Act, 1986
    2. BCoastal Regulation Zone Policy, 1986
    3. CCoastal Regulation Zone Act, 2011
    4. DNational Environment Policy, 2006
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

    CRZ notifications of 1991, 2011 and 2019 were issued under s.3(1) and s.3(2)(v) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 read with Rule 5(3) of the EP Rules; there is no CRZ Act. (Answer matches the official MPSC final key, 26-12-2022.)

    Source: Environment (Protection) Act 1986, s.3; CRZ Notification 2019

CRZ 2019 categories

  1. Q7 ATP 2022, Q53

    According to the CRZ Notification, 2019, ______ areas are environmentally most critical.

    1. ACRZ-I
    2. BCRZ-II
    3. CCRZ-III
    4. DCRZ-IV
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer A. CRZ-I

    CRZ-I covers ecologically sensitive areas (mangroves, coral reefs, etc.) and the inter-tidal zone, and is the most critical and most restricted category under CRZ 2019. (Answer matches the official MPSC final key, 26-12-2022.)

    Source: CRZ Notification 2019, para 4

EPA s.16

  1. Q8 ATP 2022, Q59

    Section 16 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 deals with

    1. AProtection of action taken in good faith
    2. BGovernment laboratories
    3. CReport of Government analyst
    4. DOffences by companies
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer D. Offences by companies

    Section 16 of the EP Act deals with offences by companies; s.17 offences by Government departments, s.12 environmental laboratories, s.14 reports of Government analysts and s.18 protection of action taken in good faith. (Answer matches the official MPSC final key, 26-12-2022.)

    Source: Environment (Protection) Act 1986, s.16

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