7.4.3 Agriculture and environment notes

1. 7.4.3.1Chemical fertilisers and pesticides: environmental costs

   Chemical fertilisers and pesticides drove the Green Revolution's yield gains, but their overuse now degrades soil, pollutes water and air, harms biodiversity and adds to climate change.

   Standard · 8 min · Full course
2. 7.4.3.2Organic and natural farming in India

   Organic farming replaces synthetic chemicals with organic inputs under a certified system, while natural farming goes further by using only on-farm, locally made inputs; both are promoted by the Centre, and Andhra Pradesh runs the world's largest natural farming programme.

   Standard · 9 min · Full course
3. 7.4.3.3Sustainable agriculture: biofertilisers, biopesticides, IPM and climate-smart farming

   Sustainable agriculture keeps yields up while protecting soil, water and biodiversity, using living organisms for nutrients and pest control, chemicals only as a last resort, and practices that help farms cope with and slow climate change.

   Standard · 9 min · Full course
4. 7.4.3.4Desertification and land degradation in India

   Land degradation is the loss of land's biological or economic productivity; when it happens in dry regions it is called desertification, and nearly a third of India's land is affected.

   Standard · 8 min · Full course

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