Paper I · 7 Sustainable Development & Environment · 7.3.2 Climate and environmental treaties
7.3.2.7 Convention on Biological Diversity: Cartagena, Nagoya and the Kunming–Montreal framework
The CBD (1992) is the main global treaty on biodiversity, with three aims (conservation, sustainable use, fair benefit-sharing); its protocols deal with GM organisms (Cartagena) and benefit-sharing (Nagoya), and the Kunming–Montreal framework (2022) sets the 2030 targets, including "30x30".
- APPSC Paper I · Paper I
- Standard level
- 10 min read
- Full course
Key terms
- CBD
- Convention on Biological Diversity
- Montreal secretariat
- Cartagena Protocol
- biosafety
- LMO
- advance informed agreement
- Nagoya Protocol
- access and benefit sharing
- ABS
- Aichi targets
- Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
- 30x30
- DSI
- Cali Fund
- NBSAP
- Biological Diversity Act 2002
What this note covers
- Core factsFoundation
- ExplainedStandard
- DeeperAdvanced
- AP angleStandard
- Mains writingMains writing
- Common trapsFoundation
- Quick revisionFoundation
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