2 Science and Technology · 2.2.3 Cyber security and cyber laws

2.2.3.1 Cyber threats and defences: malware, ransomware, DDoS, firewalls and two-factor authentication

Cyber threats are attacks on computers, networks and data; defences combine software tools such as firewalls with habits such as strong passwords and two-factor authentication.

  • APPSC Group 1
  • Advanced level
  • 5 min read
  • Full course

Key terms

  • malware
  • virus
  • worm
  • trojan
  • ransomware
  • spyware
  • keylogger
  • botnet
  • DDoS
  • firewall
  • two-factor authentication
  • zero-day
  • Pegasus

What this note covers

  1. Core factsFoundation
  2. ExplainedStandard
  3. DeeperAdvanced
  4. Mains writingMains writing
  5. Common trapsFoundation
  6. Quick revisionFoundation

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