APPSC Group 2 · Prelims · Topic 3
3 APPSC Group 2 Physical & World Geography questions with answers
18 questions from APPSC G2 Prelims Mock 1 with answers and APPSC G2 Screening Test 2024 question paper with answers and APPSC G2 Mains Paper II 2025 question paper with answers. Try each one, then tap Show answer.
Previous-paper questions are as in the original paper. Medha AI wrote the answers and explanations.
3.4ClimatologyNotes
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Match the items in List I with the descriptions in List II:
List I
a. Convectional rain
b. Orographic rain
c. Frontal (cyclonic) rain
d. Rain-shadow area
List II
I. Leeward side of a mountain that gets less rainfall
II. Saturated air forced to rise over a mountain
III. Heated air rising in convection currents, common in equatorial regions in the hotter part of the day
IV. Rain along the boundary where warm air rises over cold air
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Answer D. a-III, b-II, c-IV, d-I
Convectional rain comes from rising heated air, orographic rain from air forced up mountains, frontal rain from fronts, and the leeward side forms the rain-shadow area.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography ch.10 Water in the Atmosphere
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Which one of the following statements about cyclones is INCORRECT?
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Answer C. Tropical cyclones generally move from west to east.
Tropical cyclones move from east to west, while extra-tropical cyclones move from west to east.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography ch.9 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems
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In which of the following layers of the atmosphere do meteorites burn up when they enter from the space ?
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Answer A. Mesosphere
Most meteors burn up in the mesosphere, about 50-80 km above the Earth, where the air is dense enough to cause friction.
Source: APPSC Group 2 Screening Test 2024 (Notification 11/2023), Q35, final key
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Match the following on heating and cooling of Atmosphere :
List I (Process) List II (Mechanism) a. Advection I. Horizontal heating b. Convection II. Vertical heating c. Insolation III. Direct heating d. Conduction IV. Heating the lower layers Codes :
(a b c d)
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Answer A. I II III IV
Advection moves heat horizontally, convection moves it vertically, insolation is direct heating by incoming solar radiation, and conduction heats the air layers in contact with the ground.
Source: APPSC Group 2 Screening Test 2024 (Notification 11/2023), Q36, final key
3.3Geomorphology & rocksNotes
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Limestone caves that have openings at both ends are called:
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Answer A. Tunnels
Caves having openings at both ends are called tunnels.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography ch.6
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In limestone caves, the calcium carbonate deposits that hang from the roof like icicles are called:
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Answer B. Stalactites
Stalactites hang from cave roofs; stalagmites rise from the floor; the two fuse to form pillars.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography ch.6
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Match List I with List II:
List I (Example)
a. Overburden pressure, load and shearing stress
b. Crystal growth and changes in temperature
c. Repeated wetting and drying
d. Burrowing by termites and rodents, and pressure of plant roots
List II (Type of weathering agency)
I. Water pressure in physical weathering
II. Biological weathering
III. Gravitational force in physical weathering
IV. Expansion force in physical weathering
Select the correct code:
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Answer D. a-III, b-IV, c-I, d-II
NCERT groups the forces of physical weathering as gravitational forces (overburden pressure, load, shearing stress), expansion forces (temperature changes, crystal growth, animal activity) and water pressures (wetting and drying cycles). Burrowing organisms and plant roots cause biological weathering.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography ch.5 Geomorphic Processes p.40-41
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Consider the following statements about the agents of erosion:
I. Wind, running water and glaciers are controlled by climatic conditions.
II. The work of waves is controlled by climate.
III. The work of groundwater is determined more by the lithological character of the region.
Which of the statements given above is/are INCORRECT?
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Answer B. II only
Only statement II is incorrect: the work of waves is not controlled by climate; it depends on location along the coast.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography ch.5
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Granite is a/an :
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Answer B. Intrusive Igneous rock
Granite forms when magma cools slowly deep inside the crust, giving large crystals, so it is an intrusive (plutonic) igneous rock. Basalt is extrusive.
Source: APPSC Group 2 Screening Test 2024 (Notification 11/2023), Q33, final key
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Match the following :
List I (Landform) List II (Geomorphic agent) a. Delta I. Waves and Currents b. Cirque II. Winds c. Cliffs III. Running water d. Sand Dunes IV. Glaciers Codes :
(a b c d)
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Answer D. III IV I II
Deltas are built by rivers, cirques are carved by glaciers, sea cliffs are cut by waves and currents, and sand dunes are piled up by wind.
Source: APPSC Group 2 Screening Test 2024 (Notification 11/2023), Q34, final key
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Which of the following mountains are young fold mountains ?
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Answer C. The Alps
The Alps, like the Himalayas and Andes, were formed in the recent Alpine (Tertiary) orogeny. The Appalachians, Aravalis and Urals are old, worn-down fold mountains.
Source: APPSC Group 2 Screening Test 2024 (Notification 11/2023), Q40, final key
3.6OceanographyNotes
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The largest continental shelf in the world, stretching about 1,500 km in width, is the:
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Answer D. Siberian shelf in the Arctic Ocean
The Siberian shelf in the Arctic Ocean is the largest; shelves are almost absent or very narrow off Chile and western Sumatra.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography ch.12 Water (Oceans)
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According to NCERT, mixed tides (tides with variations in height) generally occur along:
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Answer C. the west coast of North America and many islands of the Pacific Ocean
NCERT states that mixed tides, which vary in height, generally occur along the west coast of North America and on many islands of the Pacific Ocean.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography ch.13 p.110
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Match the following :
List I (Ocean Bottom Relief) List II (Characteristic feature) a. Continental Shelf I. Presence of canyons and trenches b. Continental Slope II. Associated with active volcanoes and strong earthquakes. c. Deep Sea Plain III. Presence of massive sedimentary deposits d. Oceanic Deeps IV. Presence of fine-grained sediments Codes :
(a b c d)
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Answer C. III I IV II
The continental shelf holds thick sediment deposits, the continental slope is cut by canyons, abyssal plains are covered with fine-grained sediments, and oceanic deeps (trenches) are linked with active volcanoes and strong earthquakes.
Source: APPSC Group 2 Screening Test 2024 (Notification 11/2023), Q38, final key
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Identify the correct arrangement of the following water bodies as per their salinity in decreasing order :
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Answer A. Lake Van > Dead Sea > Great Salt Lake
As per the NCERT figures, Lake Van in Turkey has about 330 parts per thousand, the Dead Sea about 238 and the Great Salt Lake about 220.
Source: APPSC Group 2 Screening Test 2024 (Notification 11/2023), Q39, final key
3.1Earth, interior & plate tectonicsNotes
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Match List I with List II:
List I (Process)
a. Differentiation
b. Degassing
c. Accretion
d. Photosynthesis
List II (Description)
I. Outpouring of gases from the earth's interior
II. Change in the composition of the atmosphere by the living world
III. Separation of earth materials into layers according to density
IV. Small planetesimals combining into a few large bodies
Select the correct code:
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Answer B. a-III, b-I, c-IV, d-II
Differentiation separated earth materials into layers by density, degassing released gases from the interior, accretion joined planetesimals into planets, and photosynthesis changed the atmosphere's composition.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography ch.2
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Identify the incorrect statement :
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Answer D. Epicentre is a point directly below the focus.
The focus (hypocentre) is underground where energy is released; the epicentre is the point on the surface directly above it, not below.
Source: APPSC Group 2 Screening Test 2024 (Notification 11/2023), Q32, final key
3.7Biogeography & soils of the worldNotes
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Forests that are located in mid latitude areas between tropics and polar region
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Answer A. Temperate deciduous forests
Temperate deciduous forests grow in the mid-latitudes between the tropics and the polar regions, with trees that shed leaves in autumn. Coniferous (taiga) forests lie further poleward.
Source: APPSC Group 2 Mains Paper II 2025 (Notification 11/2023), Q138, final key
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